| 
   
1.04 
 | 
  
   
vṛtti-sārūpyam itaratra 
 | 
 
| 
   | 
  
   
At other
  times, the seer identifies with the fluctuating consciousness. (I) 
Otherwise,
  at other times, [the seer] is absorbed in the changing states [of the mind].
  (B) 
 | 
 
| 
   
1.05 
 | 
  
   
vṛttayaḥ pañcatayyaḥ kliṣṭākliṣṭāḥ 
 | 
 
| 
   | 
  
   
The movements
  of consciousness are fivefold. They may be cognizable or non-cognizable,
  painful or non-painful. (I) 
Thee are
  five kinds of changing states of the mind, and they are either detrimental or
  nondetrimental [to the practice of yoga]. (B) 
 | 
 
| 
   
1.06 
 | 
  
   
pramāṇa-viparaya-vikalpa-nidrā-smṛtayaḥ 
 | 
 
| 
   | 
  
   
They are
  caused by correct knowledge, illusion, delusion, sleep and memory. (I) 
[These
  five vrttis are] right knowledge,
  error, imagination, sleep and memory. (B) 
 | 
 
| 
   
1.07 
 | 
  
   
pratyakṣānumānāgamāḥ
  pramāṇāni 
 | 
 
| 
   | 
  
   
Correct
  knowledge is direct, inferred or proven as factual. (I) 
Right
  knowledge consists of sense perception, logic, and verbal testimony. (B) 
 | 
 
| 
   
1.08 
 | 
  
   
viparyayo
  mithyā-jñānam atad-rūpa-pratiṣṭham 
 | 
 
| 
   | 
  
   
Illusory
  or erroneous knowledge is based on non-fact or the non-real. (I) 
Error is
  false knowledge stemming from the incorrect apprehension [of something]. (B) 
 | 
 
| 
   
1.09 
 | 
  
   
śabda-jñānānupātī
  vastu-śūnyo vikalpaḥ 
 | 
 
| 
   | 
  
   
Verbal
  knowledge devoid of substance is fancy or imagination. (I) 
Imagination
  consists of the usage of words that are devoid of an actual object. (B) 
 | 
 
| 
   
1.10 
 | 
  
   
abhāva-pratyayālambanā
  vṛttir nidrā 
 | 
 
| 
   | 
  
   
Sleep is
  the non-deliberate absence of thought-waves or knowledge. (I) 
Deep sleep
  is that state of mind which is based on an absence [of any content]. (B) 
 | 
 
| 
   
1.11 
 | 
  
   
anubhūta-viṣayāsampramoṣaḥ
  smṛtiḥ 
 | 
 
| 
   | 
  
   
Memory is
  the unmodified recollection of words and experiences. (I) 
Memory is
  the retention of [images of] sense objects that have been experienced. (B) 
 | 
 
Tuesday, September 1, 2015
The Vrttis
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